Saturday, December 28, 2019

Rape and Men - 2186 Words

Before the rape I felt good. My life was in order. I was getting ready to get married. Afterward everything changed. I kind of lost who I was as a personÂ… I asked him ‘Didnt you have a wife or a girlfriend you could do this with? He said ‘I like this better. I like it better this way. -Victim Testimony, Trial Transcript, People V. Eric Barnes, Kew Garden, New York, July 6, 1984. Rape is a physical attack, not sex. Rape crisis counselors and researchers define rape as an act of violence in which sex is used as a weapon (Benedict 2). A woman is raped in this country every two minutes. Between 1996 1999 7,787,00 rapes were reported. The actual number is much, much higher because only 26% of rapes are reported.†¦show more content†¦Victims may try to cope with the attack and the posttraumatic stress disorder with drugs and alcohol (Figley 6). Rape can be preventable and here are a few steps and precautions that are taught to women. Carry your keys in your dominant hand, be able to use them as a weapon and be able to unlock your car door with either hand. Use deadbolts, window locks, and peep holes. When on the street, walk in a group and try to vary the way you walk to your car or house (Figley 6). In short, a woman needs to be aware and stay away from any situation that makes her uncomfortable. In one study examining the incidence of the thre e patterns of rape, it was found that power rapes are the most common. Power rapes constituted for 55%, anger rapes accounted for 40%, and about 5% were sadistic rapes (Hazelwood 1). Rapists who assault women lead double lives. On the outside they may appear no different from other men. They are members of every race, religion, profession, and socioeconomic group; they are of varying ages and are often members of churches. Many of them impress others as dedicated family men who are good providers (Groth 7). They are not insane nor are they sowing some wild oats. They are men who have serious psychological or personality disorders, which they discharge trough sexual violence. The consequences of this behavior have no meaning to the rapist at the time of the assault. Therefore, he is not bothered by such logicalShow MoreRelatedMen Who Rape The Psychology Of Fender Essay1772 Words   |  8 PagesA. Nicholas Groth’s book Men Who Rape The Psychology of the Offender is a revela tion towards anyone who ever believed in the common myths surrounding female sexuality and what stereotypically marks a potential rapist (stranger in the streets, homeless man etc.). The book is lauded by critics as being a must have for anyone professionally working with offenders or victims of sexual violence. This book provided me a clear understanding as to why men rape, which is based on three primary reasons: powerRead MoreCan Evolution Ever Explain Why Men Rape? Essay1646 Words   |  7 PagesCan evolution ever explain why men rape? Why is it considered a societal norm for men to rape women? Rape can be an act of any sexual activity that is carried out using force or threat of injury against the will of a female. It mostly occurs when the victim is underage, incapable of valid consent (i.e. drunk, drugged), or when there is a known perpetrator (i.e. family member, friend). It is unfortunate that some women get raped even when having no affiliations with the perpetrator. Desp ite a decreaseRead MoreAnalysis Of Michael Kimmels Men, Masculinity, And The Rape Culture1218 Words   |  5 Pages2. Masculinity is a term that is often associated with strength, power, control, and dominance in men. However, many texts support the claim that masculinity can be perceived as â€Å"socially constructed† and available for systematic discrepancy, similar to femininity. For example, in Michael Kimmel’s â€Å"Men, Masculinity, and the Rape Culture,† Kimmel identifies the â€Å"traditional masculinity† in which men exclusively can experience the â€Å"right to manhood† and the â€Å"dare and aggression† that is rightfullyRead MoreThe Rape Of Sexual Violence1642 Words   |  7 Pagesconsented to have sex with me again,† â€Å"It’s not a rape if it happens after drinking or taking drugs†: these quotes about rape are few to the numerous myths that circulate society today. 1 out of every 6 American women has been sexually assaulted, yet this statistic is only from victims who come forward (Victims of Sexual Violence: Statistics†). The problem in America today is the â€Å"Rape Culture† in which we live. A Rape Culture is defined as a â€Å"rape prevalent society in which sexual violence is normalizedRead MoreRape Culture Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagessomebody is accused of rape. Rape culture affects many people, including both women and men. Rape culture is a problem and it makes it difficult for somebody to speak out about a non- consensual sexual incident. Non- consensual sexual intercourse is rape. Sexual assault is violence, not sex. Many have spoken about their experiences with rape and rape culture. Rape culture is a culture defined as a society that normalizes rape and sexual assault. Rape culture causes many men and women to feel as thoughRead MoreAmerica s Thriving Rape Culture1492 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica’s Thriving Rape Culture America has a proud history of being a country that has many different ethnicities and cultures living within its borders. But one of the most prevalent cultures is one that transcends race or country of origin, rape culture. The term used by modern day feminist and gender activist defines a culture which normalizes rape and sexual assaults because of the deeply rooted societal attitudes towards gender and sexuality. In a rape culture the instances of rape are acceptedRead MoreRape in Society1097 Words   |  5 PagesA cause of rape culture is the objectification and domination of woman. Men are taught to assert their dominance and superiority, and some will do that with or without consent. Men see women as objects waiting to be used and conquered whether it is at home, the work place, or in the media. A woman’s body is not her own, but merely used for the pleasure of a man. A solution to this problem would not be, telling women what to wear, how to act and what they can or cannot do; but it is teaching malesRead More Effects Of Rape On Women Essay1139 Words   |  5 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Webster’s Dictionary describes rape as the crime of forcing another person to submit to sex acts, especially sexual intercourse. Rape is a crime in which most women cannot defend themselves. The fear of rape plagues every woman at some point or another in her life. The traumatic effects of rape vary from mild to severe, from psychological to physical. This paper will evaluate rape, as well as the effects it has on women, the theory behind male dominance and patriarchyRead MoreMale Rape Victims Essay587 Words   |  3 PagesMale Rape Victims What is rape, and to whom does it happen? Generally speaking, rape is a violent sexual act imposed on a nonconsenting partner that makes you question many things about yourself. Unfortunately the mythology usually surrounding rape is that it only happens to women. The fact is, rape does not only happen to women, but men as well. It is one of the most misunderstood of all crimes, and when the victim is male, understanding why it has happened, is one of the hardest things to comprehendRead MoreRape Culture And Rape Myths1634 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom getting raped. In this paper, I will discuss how living in a rape culture affects women and men, how does rape myths affect society and how we can change the negative effects of living in a rape culture and rape myths. In order to understand this, we must first define what rape is. Rape is unwanted sexual attentions or actions that are directed to a person. Rape can happen to anyone but it is most common to happen women. Rape happens to women around the ages of 16-24 and it is â€Å"considered to

Friday, December 20, 2019

Tell Us How Your Background And Experience Makes You A

ï  ¯ Tell us how your background and experience makes you a fit for this role? My background and experience makes me fit for this role because I have worked in Public Relations in my pervious internships. Public Relations are all about creating an image and a story to share with you viewers and presenting it in a way that is appealing to the viewer’s eye. ï  ¯ Tell us about your coursework. In what ways is it relevant to this position? Being an economics major and accounting minor my course work is very tedious but allows me to apply budgeting concepts to public relations to make sure the money is being directed and spent in areas that will benefit the company. My coursework requires a lot of strategically thinking allowing me to thrive in†¦show more content†¦Free Agent is dedicated to changing the lives of their customers to provide beneficial and life changing health care. Some questions I have are, what are you as a agency looking for in a intern? How do you provide a bridge between athletes and the everyday person. ï  ¯ What are you expectations? My expectations are to gain insight into a new ï  ¯ What do you know about the industry? ï  ¯ What are your long term goals? My long-term goal is work for a job that I am passionate about while still growing within my company. I would want to be an asset to my position where people see me thriving and are inspired by my dedication to my job. ï  ¯ how do you stay motivated? I stay motivated by getting my work done on time and seeing the long-term goal. By planning every step to each project I am faced with I am able to ï  ¯ How do you maintain attention to detail? I plan every step of each project allowing me to so stop and look at every detail at the end of each step. ï  ¯ What would you expect from us as your employer to keep you motivated? As my employer what would keep me motivated is seeing people who are dedicated to their job and excited about the tasks they have at hand. I would want to work with people who are dedicated to succeed and prioritize their work. ï  ¯ Where would you ideally see yourself a year from now and in three years from now? In three years from now I see myself working at my first corporateShow MoreRelatedBitstream Case Analysis1713 Words   |  7 PagesSolid business management, resource management and leadership experience/skills (includes Sales, Marketing, working with budgets and prioritizing expenses, staff management and development).  · Knowledge of VAR Sales channel, OEM Sales process, Networking products preferred.  · Good negotiation skills.  · Innovative, entrepreneurial spirit, problem solver, decision maker, convincing (strong sales background).  · Strong interpersonal and relationship buildingRead MoreHow to Date a Browngirl, Blackgirl, Whitegirl, and Halfie812 Words   |  4 PagesThe short story â€Å"How to Date a Browngirl, Blackgirl, Whitegirl, and Halfie† by Junot Diaz is the main character, Yunior’s, guide to dating girls of different races and the ways to act in order to get what you want from them. The only thing Yunior seems to want for these girls is sexual acts. This short story argues that a person’s heritage, economic class, and race affect how a person identifies themselves, and how their identity affects how they act towards other people. The pressures a person mayRead MoreHow Knowledge Is Gained?1427 Words   |  6 PagesHow is knowledge gained? What are the sources? To what extent might these vary according to age, education, and cultural background? As we grow old we will continue to learn new things in life, weather it’s how to ride a bike or learn about our heritage and certain religions. We constantly increase our knowledge in various ways to help us progress further and develop our brains more which in turn will help us develop ourselves. Of course we will learn from the media, books or from other peopleRead MoreHow Social Media Helps Your Business1674 Words   |  7 PagesChances are if you own a business, you’ve probably considered how you could use social media as a tool to help your business. No matter if you’re a big business, small business or a one-man business, social media is one of the most powerful tools available to promote your business. With today’s technology, nothing allows you to connect directly to your customers and clients quite like social media does. Whether it’s through Twitter, Facebook, Google+, LinkedIn, or any of the other multitude ofRead MoreDiveristy1030 Words   |  5 Pageslectures. Everyone can have different experiences and take in different information even though being in the same scenarios. I do believe that because of diverse social worlds, people are influenced by their cultures and in turn may interpret information differently. 2. One of the challenges confronting doctors is to open up lines of communication with their patients. One doctor laments, â€Å"People put us on a pedestal. They see us as angels, and this makes communication difficult. They don’t askRead MoreWhy You Are Seeking A Clinical Msw Degree947 Words   |  4 Pages1. Tell us why you are seeking a clinical MSW degree. My passion for social work originated in my senior year of undergraduate school. During my senior, year my single, adoptive mother had passed. A couple of months following her death, I found myself homeless. I had just turned 18 and I was a jobless high school student sleeping from couch to couch. During this time of my life there was one individual who supported me. The high school social worker was a strong support for me. I didn’t have anyRead MoreDrawing: A Little Girl Stretching her Hand to Touch the Rain, Waiting for the Rainbow761 Words   |  4 Pageshappiness nobody wants pain but you can’t have a rainbow without a little rain.† In this picture, we see a girl’s hand stretching out to feel the rain. It seems that she is prepared to go to the heavy rain and the background is rather blue and cloudy. This shows us that the girl is ready to go to the rain so that later, she can see the rainbow. The font type is pretty blue and seems really glum. Also, if you see the font, the font is more focused but blends well with the background. The main argument of thisRead MoreSubway Business Plan822 Words   |  4 PagesTo:, As part of our evaluation of your application, please carefully answer the following ten questions. If you have partners that will be on the franchise agreement, please have them answer these questions too. All answers and information you provide will be held in strict confidence. 1) Have you ever owned a business before? If so, how many units? Also, please tell us more about your professional background and education. Please include a current resume or CV. -CV Attached 2) ProvideRead MoreNegritude Positive?1108 Words   |  5 Pagesthe races? You tell us, when we find our racial identity what then must we do with it? Continue to be restricted from doing certain things and going certain places because of our racial line? 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Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Introduction to Marketing Core Job of Marketing

Question: Describe about the Introduction to Marketing for Core Job of Marketing. Answer: Learning Journal 1: Marketing is one of the most crucial activities which are responsible for organizational success. The core job of marketing is to recognize the demand of products and services in the market and according to its organizational goals and objectives are adjusted to meet customer demand and earn revenue profit (Hollensen, 2015). In an organization other departments are directly or indirectly related to marketing. According to Kotler Keller, 2015, Marketing is a process where the organization strategizes its activities to meet customer needs and desires profitability. According to my study and analysis of the module and previous experience as marketing executive, I believe that marketing is a process which is more than just selling and advertising and the story does not ends there. According to my understanding it is about recognizing and considering the competitiveness of the market and where as a marketer we have to tap the current trends and changes in the market, and reaching consume rs with products and services that matches their wants, desires, and needs. There are mainly four types of consumers Seasonal Customers, Personal Consumers, Organizational Consumers, Impulsive Buyer, Discount Driven Consumers, and Need Based Consumers and Habitual Consumers (Jobber Ellis-Chadwick, 2012). I consider myself a Habitual consumer as I am very brand conscious and I tend to choose same brand of products and services when purchasing something for my personal use. For instance, I tend to buy Pepsi over Coca Cola as I have become habituated with the soft drink brand Pepsi. Learning Journal 2: In this module we learnt about marketing strategy and why it is important for organizational success. In the contemporary competitive market, markets use strategic planning for their organizational competitive advantage. It is the framework to achieve organizational success or business objective. According to my understanding of module 2, it provides a business organization a focus and direction to recognize the prospect and chances that are worth following as well avoiding possible threats. A successful marketing strategy will generate consumer preference for the brand (MacInnis, et al. 2014). To take my example, I am a regular customer of ASOS when I am buying cloths for myself online. I prefer ASOS because of its customer friendly website, long product line, easy payment options, and quick delivery; all these attributes have created a strong brand image in my perception. So, whenever I do online shopping for clothes I instantly choose ASOS. As a regular user of ASOS website, I hav e observed how user friendly website it splits down its products into related and constructive categories, like, product type, material, colour, price, purpose, etc. It is very stylish and easy to navigate which allows targeting its customer successfully. And these are the reason I am a loyal customers of ASOS.com. Learning Journal 3: In this module we have learnt about environmental analysis in strategic marketing. Environmental analysis is a strategic framework which is utilized by marketers to recognize all the external and internal factors that effects organizational performance (Kotler, 2009). Environmental analysis can be subdivided into Micro and macro environmental analysis. In simple words, micro environmental factors are those which directly affect organizational performance and they are staffs, customers, suppliers, shareholders, and competitors. Whereas, macro environmental factors are those which indirectly effect organizational performance and they are socio-cultural, legal, technological, political and environmental. To understand and recognize the environmental factors, markets use SWOT, PESTEL, Porters Five Force analysis, and etc frameworks. For instance, let us discuss environmental factors on mobile phone products- The micro environmental analysis helps marketers to position the on the whole goals, strategies and policies of the business. Whereas, the macro environmental analysis usually allows mobile phone business organizations to understand the risks, threats and opportunities that are present inside the industry and the factors which are beyond control of business. Restaurant is one of the most common industries in service industry. Micro environmental factors like availability of skilled staffs, customer preferences, relationship with suppliers and competition in the market or competitors strategic planning can affect restaurant business. Whereas, macro environmental factors like local government policy reforms, socio-cultural preference or taboo over a specific kind of cruise, environmental effects on the process of business can directly change or affect restaurant business. Learning Journal 4: According to my learning outcome of this learning module the following are some of the factors that make a good market research. They are: A successful marketing research utilizes the standard of the scientific methods, which are observation, proposition, calculation and testing (Malhotra, 2008). As the major objective of a market research is to recognize useful data and information, how I conduct my research is a very crucial factor. To make my research successful and effective I should follow the above standard method. A successful market research utilizes multiple methods to receive information data and avoids relaying on only one method. An effective research identifies the importance of utilizing multiple methods and sources to acquire the required information. To conduct a successful market research, a marketer should make the scenario a win-win-win situation. A promising research should show value for organization, product, customers, and should not take advantage of the situation. According to my learning outcome of this learning module the following are some of the factors that make a bad or unsuccessful market research. They are: Wrong or irrelevant questions that does not focus on the main concern of the research. Lack of sustained pace to market research to analyse and recognize continues shits in customer preferences, competitions and other environmental factoUse of amateur inexpensive survey software fails to focus on the main problem in the organizational performance. A successful market research requires more than intelligence and software, it requires proper knowledge and experience. Learning Journal 5: The consumer buying decision process is a complex method for every time an individual makes a buying process (Kotler, et al. 2015). Generally, I buy products when I need one and which suits my pocket. But in this model we learned how factors effects an individuals purchasing decisions. In reference to the consumer decision making model, I would like to explain my buying behaviour. Need recognition- I buy a product when I feel the need or to simplify it is a situation when there is a gap between the actual situation and the desired situation. For instance, when my phone broke, I felt the need to buy one. Information search- I search for the best possible way to find out what are the good phones that are available at the market. Alternative valuation- Then I searches for the alternative models of phones that are available in the market. I try to analyse their performance, price, value for money etc. Purchasing decision- Then I finally makes decision of buying a phone which generally will depend on the phone features, previous experience with the brand, price and availability of discount etc. Post- Purchase behaviour- Although I learnt about this step after the course completion but this is an important behaviour in the whole process. This generally involves the sense of satisfaction after buying the product In consumer buying process, some consumers make quick decisions in comparison to others who make slow decisions, these is because of consumers perception and experience about the product or brand (Solomon, 2014). This is known as level of involvement. When buying an expensive product, the decisions I make are not impulsive and are rather high involvements in my decision making process, but in case of cheap or low involvement products I often make impulsive decisions. According to my observations while buying a service my purchasing decision process remains more or less same with the product buying behaviour. Learning Journal 6: In this module, we have learned about market segmentation and its importance in targeting the prospective customers. In simple words, market segmentation is a marketing strategy which engages in breaking a broader target market in sub market targets according to needs, priorities, values, etc and then planning and applying strategy marketing tactics to target them (Chernev, 2014). For developing a marketing strategy, it is crucial for a business organization to recognize its target audience. Some of the organizations that have effectively targeted the market strategic segmentation plans are McDonalds, Walmart, Coca Cola, etc. McDonalds for instance have segmented its products according to demographics, psychographic and behavioural market segments (Pickton, Broderick, 2001). They have also segmented their products according to age- kids, kid-adults and family. But it hasnt targeted single adults. Wal-Mart on the other hand mainly segments their market into four different segments- the geographic, demographic, behavioural and the psychographic. But Coca Cola does not have specific target segmentation but is applies its marketing strategy by introducing new products. The management of Coca Cola utilizes a combination of undifferentiated niche targeting strategies to achieve competitive advantage over its competitors (Hartley Claycomb, 2013). Coca Cola doesnt target a specific segment but adapts its marketing strategy by developing new products. Similarly it uses combine of undifferentiated niche targeting strategies in order to drive sales in the competitive market. Its product Cola is popular worldwide is liked by people of all age group while the diet Coca Cola targets niche segment for people who are more health conscious. Coca Cola make use of aggressive positioning strategy in order to stay in advance of its competitors soft drinks market. Learning Journal 7: A product does include goods, services, ideas, and people. A product can even be a physical or virtual or cyber in its form. It is basically an item which is offered for sale. Each and every product that is produced is made at a cost and so each of them bears a value to it when sold. Every product has a life cycle and replaced by other after a certain period. When I buy a product, I believe the experience is important because it helps me to build perception about a product which assists me in my buying decisions. Products usability develops user experience. Learning Journal 8: The new age marketers are utilizing online promotional techniques to influence consumer buying behaviour (De Mooij, 2013). This is a matter of study that to what extent online promotional techniques and social media marketing influences in buying behaviour of an individual. Marketers are using online product reviews, which are often evoking customer purchasing decisions. For instance, when I shop online in e-commerce websites like Amazon, ASOS, etc I tend to check the product reviews that are provided by other users who have shared their experience regarding the particular product. Generally these testimonies or reviews are by genuine customer experience so referring to them often gives idea about the product quality or experience both positive and negative. So, often these e-commerce websites asks their buyers to write feedback about the product so that it will encourage others to buy the product. Parents, family and friends play a very vital role in shaping our behaviour and principles- this is known as peer pressure. While we interact with others in our day to day life, we often exchange our views and beliefs which to some amount influence our behaviour. The more we interact and communicate the more chances of shaping our views in influence of others. People with whom I am the most close to are my parents and my best friend tends to influence me most. Learning Journal 9: Pricing is a strategy which sets value of a product. When buying a product I look for a good deal not a cheap product. Even though price makes me think about buying the product or should find an alternative cheaper version of the product. Price facilitates my purchasing decisions about what should I buy and what is beyond by purchasing limit. Thus it can be concluded that the function of price of a product plays a crucial both as dominant and intricate (Wilson Gilligan, 2012). When buying a service, it is often difficult to understand the real value of the service before using it. A product is a tangible element which we can touch and hold and anticipate about its quality. It is quite difficult for me to evaluate the real value for a product. For instance, last year I went on a vacation and stayed at a hotel which charged us less than market value. I anticipated that they are charging less may be because they have inferior service quality. But to my surprise, the value of service was more than our expectation. So, it becomes difficult to evaluate the real value of a service considering its pricing. Learning Journal 10: Yes, I am a regular purchaser of online products. One of the main reasons why I buy online is because I get a list of alternatives where I can compare and buy among products. Ecommerce websites like Amazon, Flipkart, etc have a wider shelf space as compared to brick and mortar shopping malls. I have just to turn on my internet to get a wide range of products on my computer screen to choose from. One of the most positive parts of online shopping is that we can view reviews from other buys so we get a clear picture about the product or service quality before considering of purchasing it. I would not buy flowers and medicines online because I prefer choosing my flowers with their freshness, which online cannot guarantee me. And I will not buy medicine because there has been news recently about the fraud dug producers who are selling duplicate medicinal drugs online and misguiding consumers. I would rather visit a local drug store and buy my medicines checking their expiry date rather than buying online. I would like to buy electronic products, cloths, kitchen appliances, fishing gear, groceries, hotel reservations, plane tickets, toys, video games, movie tickets and books because in our busy schedule I do not have time to visit brick and mortar shops to buy individual items of my needs. I would rather sit and order my needs in just one click. Learning Journal 11: Marketing is a strategic business phenomenon which is more than just advertising and selling. I joined the above course with the primary objective of self development and career enhancement. Finishing the course modules has shaped a great learning path for me on numerous points. The module contents, valuable coaching styles of our respected teaching guide, satisfactory learning resources and individual learning hard work. Learning marketing has unlocked a comprehensively knowledge about the principle features of product and service design from marketing point of view in both as theoretical and practical stages. I have learned about how branding is important in marketing and how different factors effect buyers purchasing decisions. So, as a marketing student and a prospective marketing this learning module will assist me in strategic decision making for marketing a product or service and become professionally successful. Learning marketing has changed my perception about how products and services are marketed and what are the tactics that are used by organizations to attract the target audience. After finishing the course module my purchasing decisions will be defiantly changed. Reference: Chernev, A. (2014).Strategic marketing management. Cerebellum Press. De Mooij, M. (2013).Global marketing and advertising: Understanding cultural paradoxes. Sage Publications. Hartley, R. F., Claycomb, C. (2013).Marketing mistakes and successes. Wiley. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Jobber, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F. (2012).Principles and practice of marketing(No. 7th). McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Kotler, P. (2009).Marketing management: A south Asian perspective. Pearson Education India. Kotler, P., Burton, S., Deans, K., Brown, L., Armstrong, G. (2015).Marketing. Pearson Higher Education AU. Kotler, P., Keller, K. L., Manceau, D., Hmonnet-Goujot, A. (2015).Marketing management(Vol. 14). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. MacInnis, D. J., Park, C. W., Priester, J. W. (2014).Handbook of brand relationships. Routledge. Malhotra, N. K. (2008).Marketing research: An applied orientation, 5/e. Pearson Education India. Pickton, D., Broderick, A. (2001).Integrated marketing communications. Harlow: Prentice Hall. Solomon, M. R. (2014).Consumer behavior: Buying, having, and being. Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: prentice Hall. Wilson, R. M., Gilligan, C. (2012).Strategic marketing management. Routledge.

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Essay About Abortion Example For Students

Essay About Abortion Abortion is one of the most controversial and talked about topics of our time. It is discussed in classrooms, work places and even on the Internet. Abortion is defined as the termination of pregnancy after, accompanied by, resulting in or closely followed by the death of an embryo or fetus. This definition includes accidental abortion such as, miscarriage and stillbirths. But this is not what is being debated. People want to know if abortion is ethical, if the fetus can feel pain, and when it is more human than non-human. These questions are very difficult to answer and may never be answered in our lifetime. But one thing we as humans do know is that we have opinions, ranging from completely anti abortion (pro-life) to completely for abortion (pro-choice), and anywhere in the wide spectrum in between. Abortion is a movement that was erected almost 40 years ago. This movement has been very controversial over the years; the main reason being that it is something that there is virtually no in between. You either are, or you are not. Both movements, (pro-life and pro-choice) have been one of the most controversial movements in a political presents. The opposition feels that pro-choice does not mean Pro-abortion, it is the right in choosing whether to reproduce, adopt, or abort. It is every human beings right to make there own decisions, and so it is a womans right to make the choices that affect her life as she sees morally right. It is a womans right to choose what she does with her body and it should not be altered or influenced by anyone else. As you can see, there are two sides of this movement that are constantly looking for contradictions in what other believes. There are many different viewpoints on abortion in the United States of America. Where most Americans do not feel that abortion is necessarily good, they do believe it is a right. Others have similar opinions. They embrace contradictory opinions and consider abortion a form of murder and yet still feel it should be legal for the truly desperate. However, most Americans think abortions are morally troubling. A recent study by George Hunt shows that neither age nor gender appears to have any effect on peoples current views on abortions. (Wolf p54)MovementNow that we know so much about what each movement stands for, it would be rather imperative that we know what a movement is. A movement is constituted by human beings engaged in discourses and practices designed to challenge and change society as they define it Contemporary Movements and Ideologies p.12. To simplify this definition, it is a change in the status quo of society. To simplify even more, it is changing from the norm. The normal way of life 70 years ago had always been the freedom to make your own decision. In most cases thats perfectly OK, however the pro-lifers feel differently, and that is no one should have the freedom to take another life. So essentially what they are trying to change is the taking of life from another innocent human being. Theyre trying established laws in attempts to protect and support the discourses and ideologies of their movements. One question that will often arise is this, why are people engaged in a social movement rather than coping with these problems on the individual basis or through institutionalized channel? The answer to this question is fairly simple. Pro-live supporters are involved in this for the simple reason that they feel passionately enough about it that they want to make a difference in society. Discourses and IdeologiesDiscourses and ideologies are what make a movement a movement. Essentially what a discourse is, is what the actual movement is trying t o say. What the pro-lifers say about this movement is that abortions should not be legal. They say that every innocent human being has a right to life. Pro-life advocates are involved in many practices that enhance what they say. Some simple statistics that are in support of the pro-lifers discourse are these. 1.5 million babies are aborted each year, whereas there are 1.6 million that wish to adopt. -Medical Economics, p.33. Another staggering statistic, between 1973 -1984 there were 15 million babies aborted. That number alone is unbelievable, that is ten times the number of Americans lost in all of are nations wars. Now in all honesty tell me, who is against who. . -Medical Economics, p.88. Blessed is the mother who would never think of asking her child to give up its life for hers.-Thou Shalt Not Play God p.2. Pro-life advocates convey that these are only a few reasons in which to support their movement. These points and ones similar to them helps to dictate what is really impo rtant, hence, their discourse. Macbeth is boring EssayConclusionContrary to popular belief, a movement is not something that someone could wake up and devise in one day. What a movement is essentially is an organization, and a very complex one at that. There are many contributing factors to movements success, far more than listed above. In my opinion when I have listed above is the skeletal structure of a movement success. Why do movements exist? Furthermore, why would people contribute to them? Why did they decide they wanted to deal with this problem in they movement rather than deal with them independently? These are all very complex questions with very complex answers. In short, because there is a demand for it. If and when a group of people decides that they are not happy with the regular status quo, they decide to take that initiative to get that changed. My personal opinion is that movements are extremely necessary in todays society. People in this world are living a specific way, and when that way is not suitable for them, they need to make that decision to create a movement to ultimately achieve their discourse. Through researching movements, furthermore, the pro-life movement, I have to revert to an original statement I already made and that is, movements in todays society are essential. BibliographyBooks UsedClark, Thomas. Thou Shalt Not Play God The Humanist July-August 1995: p3Hunt, George W.. Of Many Things America 31 January 1998: p2Lavelle, Marianne. When Abortion Comes Late In Pregnancy, Though Rare, MostLefevere, Patricia. Ex-abortion Providers; Conversation Tales National CatholicReporter 16 March 22 2000: p6Merril, Ted. Abortion; Extreme Views Ignore Reality Medical Economics 15 July 1996:p33McMillan, Jeff. Focusing On a Womans Right To Self Defense The Chronicle of HigherEducation. 6 December 1998: pA12No Easy Quick Fix Solutions To Abortion Issues National Catholic Reporter 8November 1996: p20Thomas, Judy. Pro-life Turns Deadly Newsweek May 13 2000: p64Wallace, Bruce. When One Fetus Lives and One Dies Macleans