Constructing A Multi Storey Commercial Building Construction Essay

Constructing A Multi Storey Commercial Building complex body part EssayInvolved clearing, grubbing (removal and disposal of surface vegetation, roots, stumps and under anchor part of structures to a depth of at least 0.50m below ground aim) and stripping (removal of topsoil to an average depth of at least 100mm below ground level), JKR 1988-1.all(a) the combustible material removed from the designated bea is being attached by burning however if burning is not permitted, it must be disposed in a safe and tidy manner at square waste dump outside the web invest, JKR, 1998-1.1.2 EarthworkInvolved excavation of loosening and removing humankind and rock from its original position from a cut and transporting it to a cloy or a waste deposit (Clarkson ad Hicks, 1981). It must be carried out immediately after the top soil has been removed. Earthwork is important for the anatomical structure of drainage, roadway and building foundation. Mass haul diagram is used to visualize the volu me of cut and fill are efficient (reduce wastage and import from another(prenominal) place).1.3 StakingStaking is being carried out by surveying. Markers are being driven into the ground as markers for the building and perimeter fencing. Precise staking is important plot the mountain perimeter of a building.1.4 Perimeter FencingTo prevent intruders, public and animals to make up disruptions to the project.1.5 DewateringApplications of vertical drain, piezometer or surcharge are useful for the dewatering process. This is to assure the rivet water pressure in the soil is in a safety range hence it does not affect the building.1.6 fleeting BuildingsInclude site office (meeting and discussion), toilet, store (store building materials), canteen, thespian s quarters, and so on1.7 Temporary Access RoadIt must be strong, wide and not in addition steep for heavy vehicles and it should allow to take-over space. Warning signboard and guard stomach should be equipped to ensure the sa fety of the site (prevent unauthorised intruder).2.0 SUB-STRUCTURESSub-structures are the elements of a building that are located beneath the ground level such(prenominal) as1) Piling and foundation2) Basement/ thermionic valve write up3) Column stumps4) free-base beam5) Hardcore and damp-proof materials2.1 Piling and FoundationTo advocate the structure above it. A system of piles, pile caps, and straps (if required) that transfers the structural unfold to the bearing stratum into which the piles are driven.Uploaded with ImageShack.us Piling2.2 Basement/Underground FloorSometimes, pose lots, merchandise outlets, food-court, etc are located at wine cellar or underground. Proper supervising and soil probe needed to ensure safety.2.3 Column StumpsColums stumps needed for the column to be build especially for multistory building.Uploaded with ImageShack.usWorkers are constructing column stumps2.4 Ground BeamGround beams are knowing to support brick/blockwork or to form permane nt shutter to the edge of unmoved(p) concrete floor-slab. Loading requirements can be achieved by varying the reinforcement. Ground beams are rectangular or square in shape. However, notches / half stop over plates / sloped faces can be supplied to order.Uploaded with ImageShack.us Ground beams being constructed2.5 Hardcore and Damp-Proof MaterialsA protective measure applied to building foundation walls to prevent moisture from passing through the walls into interior spaces. Moisture if in contact with the reenforce concrete, the reinforcement pull up stakes rust and the strength of the reinforce concrete will be greatly reduced.3.0 SUPER-STRUCTURESSuper-structures are the elements located above the damp-proof material (ground level) such as1) morphological frame served as a frame for the manifestation of the upper floors2) Upper floors for high-rise building.3) Wall as a partition.4) roof5) Doors and windows6) Finishing7) Utilities providing basic conveniences such as wate r, power supply, pussy tank, telephone, drive out detector, sprinkler, elevator, security alarm, etc.4.0 EXTERNAL WORKSIt consists of all the plant life outside the building such as1) Roads2) Vehicle parking3) Gutter4) Sewer5) Fence6) Landscaping5.0 UNIFORM BUILDING BY-LAW at that place are many elements in the Uniform Building By-Law in Malaysia such as1) Preliminary2) Submission of plans for approval includes supervision of work, scale of plans, plans of alterations, materials not to be deposited in a street without permission, etc.3) Space, light and respiration includes open spaces to be provided, access from a street, splayed corner, width of footwear, mechanical spreading and air-conditioning, height of rooms in residential buildings, shophouses and school, etc.4) Temporary workings in connection with building operations includes commencement of building operation, indebtedness of person granted temporary permits, vehicular access to site, etc.5) Structural requirements includes building materials, general requirements of loading, weight of partitions, mechanical stacking, roof coverings, foundations, brick footings, etc.6) Constructional requirements includes drainage of subsoil, protection against soil erosion, lift, swimming pools, depth of water, etc.7) Fire requirements includes rules of measurement, protected shafts, ventilation to lift shafts, smoke detectors for lift lobbies, etc.8) Fire alarms, fire detection, fire extinguishment and fire fighting access.9) Miscellaneous building exempted, failure to buildings, etc.6.0 SITE INVESTIGATIONSite investigation is very important to a project to1) decide whether the site is generally suitable (whether it is situated at suitable location)2) get specific information for complete design, safety and thriftiness ( check out soil properties)3) prepare for construction alternatives (special equipments for dewatering and etc.)7.0 PHASES OF INVESTIGATIONThe followings are the phases of investigation1) background knowledge study initial study of available data2) Site investigation get useful data from the site3) Soil investigation determine soil properties4) Analysis of dataSketch of Bad Site LayoutUploaded with ImageShack.us good-for-naught SITE LAYOUTBased on the attached bad site layout, it is considered as bad due to the following reasons1) Material storage situated opposite of the road which is inconvenient for the construction work to be carried out. It will do craft issue while transporting the materials to the construction site.2) Site office is furthermost away from the construction site.3) Worker s quarters are approximately to the construction site but the canteen is far away from the histrion s quarters. This cause inconveniences for the workers during lunch time hour.4) Toilet is far from the worker s quarters.5) Parking lots are not located airless to the construction site.6) No pedestrian bridge between the construction site and the parking lots. This will ca use a big problem to the traffic especially during peak hours.7) The material storage, site office, canteen, toilet as tumefy as parking lots should be situated at the change space indicate in the site layout to minimise the problems discussed above.